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Clement’s Epistle to the Corinthians Written Pre-AD70

      About the dating of Clement: I first began to rethink the dating of his epistle when I encountered some articles touting this earlier date. Then I read Clement’s actual Epistle more carefully, paying close attention to the Greek. I am now totally convinced of an earlier, pre-AD70 date, and that on several counts. Notice especially the following: Clem 5:1 – 6 But, to pass from the examples of ancient days, let us come to those champions who lived nearest [ENGISTA] to our time. Let us set before us the noble examples which belong to our generation. By reason of jealousy and envy the greatest and most righteous pillars of the Church were persecuted, and contended even unto death. Let us set before our eyes the good Apostles. He goes on to describe the exemplary testimonies and martyrdoms of Peter and Paul. Notice that he uses the word “ nearest “. If he was writing in the 90s, a generation later, he would not have used that term. But, on the contrary, he refers to the
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History of an Error: Wrong dates can lead to Bad Theology This post is helpful background to understanding a certain error that has crept into modern eschatology. A seemingly trivial point actually has profound Christological application. But before we get to the application, the error has to be corrected. They don’t usually. But in the case of Archbishop William Ussher and his dates that did happen. Or at least, let us say, it needlessly obfuscated an already complicated problem. However, as we shall see, the original obfuscation started happening thousands of years before Ussher. But first the more recent error: In 1701, thanks to a well-meaning scholar, Church of England’s Bishop William Lloyd , the English Bible began to be side-noted with dates. These dates were based on Ussher’s chronology of a half-century earlier. Throughout the Bible Lloyd faithfully followed Ussher dates – – – except where he didn’t. Case in point is the passage that describes, as I had earl
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Incarnation & Demonstration

  The Incarnation is the Son's demonstration and display of the perfection of the Father in familiar flesh. God knows where we live, and gave us the Gospel to lead us to the Way, the Truth and the Life. Christ's life not only guides us to the way, but made possible for us, through faith in Him, to walk in that way. His grace gives light and life. He is the Demonstration of a faithful life lived toward God in a contrary world of men.   Augustine framed it well, "The thing to be known is, whither we are to go, and by what way;" and immediately after infers, that "the surest way to avoid all errors is to know him who is both God and man. It is to God we tend, and it is by man we go, and both of these are found only in Christ." - Augustine, "The City of God", Book 11, Chapter 2   But our blessings are not only for ourselves, otherwise we would be as the lepers in the Old Testament story, who, in finding both deliverance and gold, said "We do not w
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Postincarnate Christ

 I think that we Christians – like everyone else – have a hard time of thinking outside the box, so to speak. Or outside the body , I should say. It is hard to see beyond our own frame of reference. However I do not think that the body that Christ showed immediately post-resurrection is the same body He had – has now – post ascension. I think the locked door encounter, John 20:24-29 , was still part of His Incarnational mission, the “ days of His flesh ” , as Hebrews 5:7 puts it. I think there is a hint of this also in 1 Tim. 3:16 (ESV) “Great indeed, we confess, is the mystery of godliness: He was manifested in the flesh, vindicated by the Spirit, seen by angels, proclaimed among the nations, believed on in the world, taken up in glory.” These are all in the past tense , or at least, because the last of the six events is clearly in the past the preceding five ought to refer to events before it. In the light of Hebrews 2:14 I am convinced that Christ being in the flesh was mission
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And they Sing the Song of Moses . . .

  Rev.15:3 and Deuteronomy 32 Then I saw another sign in heaven, great and marvelous: seven angels having the seven last plagues, because in them the wrath of God has been completed. And I saw something like a glassy sea having been mixed with fire, and those who prevailed over the Beast, and over his image, and over the number of his name, standing on the glassy sea, having the harps of God. And they sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying: “Great and marvelous are Your works, Lord God Almighty! Righteous and true are Your ways, O King of the nations! Rev. 15:1-3 Look at your study Bible at this passage and you will most likely be given Exodus 15 as a cross-reference, not Deuteronomy 32 . Most commentaries likewise follow suit. Just to give one instance, John Gill says this (emphasis mine): “Revelation15:3 And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God,…. Not that in Deuteronomy 32:1 but that in Exodus 15:1 and the sense is,eit
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Teachable Teachers

  I remember this man at my yard sale in Winston-Salem over thirty years ago. He saw a number of commentaries I had for sale, stood facing me, his legs in a stance like he was braced for a hurricane. He pointed his finger at me and challenged, "What is your position on Acts 2:38 !?" I forget what I answered, or what he answered, except that it was somewhat abrasive. He was poised for a hermeneutical harangue. But it is funny that I still remember him after all these years. Maybe because it reminds me of an attitude that I have seen all too often. I have done it myself: Started a discussion and downgraded to an argument . I have slowly come to understand that the people I learn the most from are those gentle spirits that shine more light then generate heat . And there are good verses on this topic. "But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control;"
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God’s Rebuilding Project From Ruins to Righteousness Isaiah 61:4 – 62:2

There is something both incongruous and fitting about that title. The expected word after “ ruins ” might have been “ rebuilt ”, not “ righteousness ”. But the very fact that the metaphor seems jarring points out just how different this new kingdom is: It is a spiritual kingdom. The main excellence of this kingdom, the main distinguishing mark, is true righteousness. In this sense it is totally different, not only from the earlier Zion, but all other earthly kingdoms. It is something truly new. But there is also continuity. It is a kingdom with roots in the past, already fore-typed unmistakably in earlier times. The best features of the old Kingdom of Israel were sure prophecies of the better Zion that was to come. Christ assured His disciples that they, once well-taught, will be “like a householder who brings out of his treasure things new and old.” [1] 4. And they shall rebuild the old ruins, They shall raise up the former desolations, And they shall repair the ruined c
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